About the author: Reinhard Günther

Laoren
Reinhard Günther

LaoRen (老任) is the Chinese name of Reinhard Günther.
He is Product Director and Consultant with more than 35 years experience in energy metering. In his spare time, he writes articles for CLOU GLOBAL.

The views and opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of CLOU GLOBAL.

  • Jul 31 2019
    terminal quick connector for Chinese singlephase meter

    Terminal wiring for electrical energy meters

    In meter- or test bench descriptions you can find various expressions, all with the same meaning.
  • Jul 30 2019
    CL3000

    How long does a no-load test take?

    When the voltage is applied with no current flowing in the current circuit, the test output of the meter shall not produce more than one pulse.
  • Jul 30 2019
    prueba del medidor

    The different current subscripts

    Together with tender documents and meter specifications you will find various subscripts related to current. current I without subscriptThis is the actual current flowing trough the energy meter. starting current...
  • Jul 30 2019
    ICT CL2030 D 300x253 1

    When do I need Isolation Current Transformers?

    Isolation Current Transformers (ICT) are needed to test more than one direct connected energy meter on a test bench with multiple positions, assuming that the I-P links can not be...
  • Jul 30 2019
    sts association logo

    The Standard Transfer Specification STS

    The Standard Transfer Specification (STS) has become recognised as the only globally accepted open standard for prepayment systems, ensuring inter-operability between system components from different manufacturers of prepayment systems.
  • Jul 26 2019
    negative phase current

    The four-quadrant diagram in electricity metering

    The interactive diagram shows the relationship between the phase angle φ, apparent-, active- and reactive power respective energy in accordance with clauses 12 and 14 of IEC 60375.
  • Jul 26 2019
    CLOU Portable AC Charging Pile Tester CL6360

    Why do I need a Vector Diagram?

    Modern reference standards and calibration devices have usually a graphical function to show the relationship between the voltages and the currents.
  • Jul 26 2019
    r Screenshot 20190514 173158 com.clou .rs350

    What are harmonics ?

    Generally a harmonic is a integer multiple of the fundamental frequency (nominal fn). When we have a fn of 50 Hz, the 3rd harmonics is traveling with 150 Hz. We...
  • Jul 26 2019
    r RS350 Instrument and Tablet 1

    Calculating Apparent Power
    Vectorial vs Arithmetic Method

    There are two commonly used methods to calculate the apparent power (VA). The traditional method is the vectorial calculation.
  • Jul 25 2019
    CL730S23 TWO BUTTONS

    What is Maximum Demand Measurement?

    Demand is a measure of average power consumption over a fixed time interval. Maximum (or peak) demand is the highest demand recorded over the billing period.
  • Jul 25 2019
    welcome to clouglobal

    Technical vs Non-Technical Losses
    What You Need to Know

    Technical losses are coming from current flowing in electrical installations. They can not be avoided, but reduced by proper installation. Technical losses can be calculated.
  • Jul 25 2019
    RS350

    Portable Calibrator RS350

    The portable reference standard and calibrator RS350 is especially designed for the needs of metering engineers for on-site testing with high precision.